This paper explores the effects of affective polarization on cooperative behavior through a behavioral experiment conducted in Brazil and Spain. Participants were asked to perform a simple, one-shot asynchronous task: converting to capital letters either a neutral salad recipe or a politically charged text written by another individual. The experiment varied also both the political affiliation of the original author—presented as a supporter of the participant’s most liked or disliked political party—and the type of reward offered for task completion.

Following Japanese colonisation and US military occupation, Okinawa Island was heavily militarised. The militarised status of the island continues to this day, with 15% of its land area currently occupied by US military. The military presence has long posed a threat to the lives of the islanders and their environment. Activists, scholars, and progressive politicians have initiated demilitarisation resistance movements over the past decades, but no meaningful change has been made.

As climate change drives more frequent and more severe weather events and as governments across the world implement policies to transition their economies to net zero, the macroeconomic impacts are increasingly materialising over time horizons relevant for monetary policymakers. James Talbot, Executive Director at the Bank of England and Chair of the Network for Greening the Financial System’s (NGFS) workstream on monetary policy, explains why monetary policymakers must understand the macroeconomic impacts of climate change.

Organized by Prof. Olga Khomenko and Prof. Sho Konishi, this interdisciplinary conference explores Manchukuo—the so-called “puppet state” created by Japan in occupied Manchuria—not from the perspective of the empire, but from the ground up. Moving beyond dominant narratives of imperial control, the event centers on the lives, political visions, and cultural productions of often-overlooked minority communities: Ukrainians, Russians, Tatars, Poles, Hungarians, Chinese, Japanese, Koreans, and others.

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