Political radicalism and extremism no longer constitute marginal phenomena in European societies and politics. The consecutive financial crises, the Eurozone crisis, the refugee crisis, religious terrorism and geopolitical uncertainties create a multifaceted setting that exacerbates insecurity, anxiety and fears among European citizens.

There’s no clear dividing line between bad journalism and what is often called “fake news”. It’s futile to expect regulators or tech companies to be able to make editorial judgments. But what we can determine easily is the “realness” of a site. Does it have a real-world address, phone number, WhoIs, named contributors – in short, a colophon or impressum. Furthermore, does it adopt basic procedures indicating fairness – does it ever publish apologies, corrections etc? These tests are binary and easy to automate – and would make life much harder for the peddlers of disinformation.

Abstract: Authoritarian values have long been thought to be an important determinant of public opinion and political behaviour including the support of populist political parties. Explanations for why some individuals have more authoritarian values than others have focused on various processes of socialization and economic conflict. Evidence that economic change fosters authoritarian values has primarily been based on aggregate correlations across countries or across time within countries or individual-level correlations between economic characteristics and authoritarian values.

2017 marks fifteen years since the death of John Bordley Rawls (1921-2002), author of a Theory of Justice, Political Liberalism, and The Law of Peoples. As a professor of Philosophy at Harvard, Rawls fundamentally transformed the discipline of political theory, and yet the nature—and the effects—of that transformation remain hotly contested. In Oxford, where Rawls’s influence is particularly strong, the tension has been framed as a commitment to contemporary normative theory in an analytic vein, over and against the history of political thought.